Abstract: Gene editing technology is an engineering technology that can perform targeted "editing" of target genes in organisms. It has developed rapidly in recent years and has impacted various fields of life science. It is also the most competitive next-generation core disruptive biotechnology worldwide. Gene editing technology has been applied to many fields such as crop improvement, livestock breeding, treatment of genetic and metabolic diseases, resistance to bacterial and viral infections, drug screening, preparation of new biofuels, and food industry. Gene editing technology also has important military medical uses, for example, the harm and toxicity of pathogens can be increased through gene editing technology; Conservative sequence design drugs and vaccines targeting pathogens can protect against infection by multiple virus strains and variants; By targeting the host, epigenetic gene editing mediated by the CRISPR/dCas9 system does not alter DNA genetic traits, while it can reversibly enhance the body's effectiveness and resistance to biological, chemical, and radiation damage; Targeting the nucleic acid enzyme and guiding RNA of the gene editor itself can accurately regulate the use of gene editing technology and defend against the damage of misuse of gene editing technology and new genetic biological warfare agents. Gene editing technology also has significant advantages in the field of infectious disease diagnosis and treatment, which can completely cure certain types of infectious diseases.