Abstract: Objective To provide the evidence for the valid health management by investigating the quality of life in pilots and its related influence factors. Methods Factors influencing the quality of life in pilots admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to September 2013 were analyzed according to the MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) and the investigation with selfdesigned questionnaire. Results The pain scores were significantly 1ower whereas the physiological function, general health and vigor scores were significantly higher in pilots than in normal civilians (t=-5.09, P< 0.001; t=3.76-11.11, P< 0.001). No significant difference was found in physical activity score between pilots and normal civilians (t=-1.69, P=0.091). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that spinal diseases and nervous system diseases were the major factors influencing the quality of life in pilots. Conclusion Spinal diseases and nervous system diseases are the major factors influencing the quality of life in pilots.