Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical effect of combination of anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair on pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and discuss the key points of operation procedure improvement. Methods One hundred and eleven patients with pelvic organ prolapse admitted to the department of obstetrics and gynecology in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were selected. Patients in observation group (n=52) were treated with improved anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair, and control group (n=59) with vaginal hysterectomy plus traditional vaginal wall repair. Results The operating time(63.5±19.0) min vs (84.1±27.2) min, amount of bleeding(64.8±20.3) ml vs (103.1±45.7) ml and cost of treatment(6 102.8±849.3) yuan vs (9 583.1±1 218.8) yuan in observation group were less than those of the control group (all P< 0.05). The length of vagina in observation group was greater than that of the control group(6.5±1.4) cm vs (5.1±1.2) cm, P< 0.05. The total recurrence rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (5.8% vs 13.6%, P=0.173). Conclusion Improved anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair has shorter operating time, less bleeding and greater vaginal length. Meanwhile, it has less cost and is easy to master.