外军延时现场救护策略述评

Prolonged field care in foreign army battlefield rescue: An expert commentary

  • 摘要: 阶梯救治是军队战时卫勤保障的核心和关键。当面临偏远、严峻环境作战情况时,危重伤员的管理将成为后勤保障的难题,如何科学系统地管理院前滞留伤病员,是我军野战医疗所(队)关注的重点。延时现场救护是外军院前伤病员救护领域研究的新热点,通过对滞留危重伤病员的救护策略分析,结合复杂战术环境、当地条件资源、伤病员最大利益等充分衡量,以循证的原则作出科学的决策,必要时借助远程医疗咨询完善延时现场救护期间的决策,提升了恶劣救护条件下危重伤病员的救护结局。延时现场救护的核心策略包括伤病情监测、气道管理、转运救护、复苏、野战手术、预防低体温、感染控制、疼痛管理、伤员护理、远程医疗等。借鉴外军延时现场救护经验,及早开展适应我国实际情况的陆军战场搜救延时现场救护策略研究,有助于不断完善战时伤病员救护思路,更新救护装备器材,形成适用于我军的本土化延时现场救护的规范和指南,持续推进部队卫生人员延时现场救护能力培训,从而进一步提升我军卫勤保障能力和院前救护水平。

     

    Abstract: Ladder rescue is a key step in army medical support. While the management of the critically wounded has always been a difficult problem, especially in remote and severe environments, how to scientifically and systematically manage the wounded stranded before the hospital has become the focus of the Chinese military's medical support research. Prolonged field care (PFC) is a new research hotspot in the field of pre-hospital rescue in the world. The rescue outcome of critically injured patients under poor rescue conditions can be improved through the analysis of rescue strategies for critically wounded patients who are temporarily unable to be evacuated, combined with the full measurement of complex tactical environments and local conditions or resources, with scientific decisions based on evidence-based medicine and telemedicine consultation. The core strategies of PFC include injury monitoring, airway management, transfer ambulance, resuscitation, field surgery, hypothermia prevention, infection control, pain management, casualty care, telemedicine, etc. With the experience of PFC from foreign armies, immediate research must be conducted on a PFC strategy suited to the actual conditions of our army's battlefield rescue. It will help to clarify the military's wartime medical rescue ideas, update the rescue equipment, form localized PFC rescue norms and guidelines, and continue to promote the PFC ability training of military health personnel, thereby further improving the military's medical support force and pre-hospital rescue level.

     

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