Abstract: Objective To study the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection patients after renal transplantation. Methods Clinical data about 77 pulmonary infection patients after renal transplantation admitted to our department from January 1993 to August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 77 patients, 33 (43%) were infected with a single pathogen, 24 (31%) with two or more pathogens, and 20 (26%) with unclear pathogens. The bacteria detected in 30 patients were mycobacterium tuberculosis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, coagulase negative staphylococci. The fungi detected in 26 patients were candida and aspergillus. The viruses detected in 24 patients were CMV and influenza virus. PCP and mycoplasmal pneumonia were detected in 5 and 3 patients, respectively. The patients received oxygen inhalation therapy, immunosuppressant and glucocorticoid treatment with their dose adjusted, and anti-infection treatment. Of the 77 patients, 65 were cured, 2 had their condition deteriorated, and 10 died (12.99%). Severe pneumonia was the cause of death. Conclusion Pulmonary infection is a severe complication of renal transplantation and easy to result in death of patients.