Progress in diagnosis and treatment of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis

Influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) are severe viral pneumonia complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), caused high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Lung biopsy is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of IAPA and CAPA, while traditional biomarker testing has limited diagnostic value and requires novel diagnostic methods to assist clinical diagnosis. Drug interactions and resistance should be concerned in antifungal therapy for patients with IAPA and CAPA, and researches in preventing fungal infections and novel antifungal drugs are ongoing.