Background The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ coding gene (PPARD) rs2267668 and rs1053049 are individually associated with physical activity and also with relative muscle volume of the leg increase, but there is no report on their relationship with lower-limb strength.
Objective To analyze the potential associations between polymorphisms of PPARD (rs2267668; rs1053049) and lower-limb strength in Chinese male exerciser.
Methods The polymorphisms of rs2267668 and rs1053049 in 378 volunteers aged from 18 to 31 years, from a regular training unit from January to February in 2021, were detected by Mass-ARRAY nucleic acid mass spectrometry. Vertical jump scores were used to assess lower-limb strength, if it was greater than or equal to the mean plus standard deviation, it was defined as strong lower limb strength group, if less than or equal to the mean minus standard deviation, patients were included in weak lower limb strength group. The 9 body shape/composition indexes and 9 blood indexes of the included population were also detected. The differences of genotype and allele distribution of PPARD rs2267668 and rs1053049 between strong and weak lower limb strength groups were analyzed. Spearman related analysis was used to analyze the correlation between body shape/composition, blood indicators and vertical jump. One-way covariance analysis was used to analyze the correlation between PPARD rs2267668 and rs1053049 polymorphisms and vertical jump.
Results There were 68 cases in the strong lower limb strength group with a median age of 21 years and the weak lower limb strength group included 65 cases with a median age of 20 years. The frequency of rs2267668 AA genotype (67.6% vs 47.7%, P=0.008) and A allele (83.8% vs 69.2%, P=0.005) in strong lower limb strength group were significantly higher than those in weak lower limb strength group. The frequencies of rs1053049 TT genotype (64.7% vs 44.6%, P=0.011) and T allele (81.6% vs 66.2%, P=0.004) in strong lower limb strength group were significantly higher than those in weak lower limb strength group. Some body shape/composition and blood indicators were significantly correlated with vertical jump, including body mass index (r=-0.291, P=0.001), waistline (r=-0.274, P=0.001), hipline (r=-0.307, P＜0.001), body fat rate (r=-0.527, P＜0.001), visceral fat (r=-0.503, P＜0.001), red blood cell count (r=0.370, P＜0.001), hemoglobin (r=0.542, P＜0.001) and total protein (r=0.274, P=0.001). After controlling the body shape/composition and blood indexes with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.5 individually, the polymorphisms of rs2267668 and rs1053049 still showed a significant association with the performance of vertical jump (P＜0.05).
Conclusion The polymorphisms of rs2267668 and rs1053049 in PPARD are related to the lower-limb strength in Chinese male exerciser. The rs2267668-A and rs1053049-T are positively correlated with the lower-limb strength.
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