Background The orbital floor and zygomatic bones are extremely vulnerable damaged and fracture in facial trauma. Combined multiple surgical incisions are applied in traditional treatment to fully expose the operating area and implant titanium nails and plates, which cause more serious damage, longer operation time and more complications.
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of three-dimensional artificial implant combined with temporal incision in repairing orbital floor defect and zygomatic fracture.
Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 44 male patients with zygomatic fracture in the maxillofacial head and neck surgery of the Army Medical Center from January 2019 to January 2023. All patients received temporal incision approach for repairing and fixation, and they were randomly divided into experimental group (n=16) and control group (n=28). Hydroxyapatite mixed with polyether ether ketone was applied in experimental group and titanium mesh titanium plate traditional metal in control group to make artificial bone as fracture end repair material. The patients' face fullness, mouth opening area and complications before and after operation were detected in each group.
Results All patients were clinical cured after receiving temporal incision. Compared with control group, the facial fullness (0.78 ± 0.07 vs 1.14 ± 0.05, P＜0.001) and mouth opening area (2.82 ± 0.04 vs 2.07 ± 0.09, P＜0.001) of patients in the experimental group were significantly improved. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (such as infection: 12.5% vs 10.71%, P=0.091; facial nerve injury: 18.8% vs 28.6%, P=0.717).
Conclusion 3D printed artificial bone can improve bilateral facial symmetry and occlusal function of patients with orbital floor defect and zygomatic fracture.
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