Research advances in construction and application progress of oral organoids

The oral cavity is an essential part of the human body, playing a significant role in maintaining homeostasis and health. Organoids, as complex 3D clusters derived from stem cells, can simulate the structure and function of real oral organs and have been widely used in the study of oral organ development, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. This article primarily reviews the construction systems and current application status of oral organoids, discusses the challenges and future directions of oral organoid technology, aiming to provide new ideas for the research and application of oral organoids.