Research progress of lung organ-on-a-chip in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases

Abstract: Organ-on-a-chip technology, as an emerging research technique in the medical field, holds significant importance in the in vitro study of diseases. Among these, the lung organ-on-a-chip model integrated with microfluidic organ chip technology has demonstrated remarkable advantages over traditional cell culture and animal experiments in pulmonary disease research, becoming a cutting-edge in vitro model in the field of respiratory system diseases. The lung organ-on-a-chip can simulate the pulmonary microenvironment with complex pathophysiological processes in vitro and has broad application prospects in disease mechanism research, drug development, and personalized medicine. This paper reviews the application progress of lung organ-on-a-chip in the research of lung injury, pulmonary infection, pulmonary fibrosis, lung tumors, and airway diseases, and looks forward to future research directions.