Effect of temporary abdominal closure device on open abdominal wounds accompanying intra-abdominal hypertension in miniature pigs: An experimental study

Objective To study the value of temporary abdominal closure device in clinical practice by observing its pathophysiological effect in miniature pigs with open abdominal wounds and intra-abdominal hypertension. Methods Twenty Guizhou miniature pigs were randomly divided into conventional abdominal closure group and novel device group (10 in each group). A pig abdominal open wound and intra-abdominal hypertension model was established. Hemodynamics, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), abdominal perfusion pressure (APP) and arterial blood gas in the two groups were measured at different time points. Results The heart rate was significantly higher 6 h after open abdominal wounds while the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (CO) were significantly lower 48 h after open abdominal wounds in conventional abdominal closure group than in novel device group (P＜ 0.01). The IAP increased while the APP decreased with the prolongation of time. A significant difference was observed in the heart rate, MAP and CO, IAP and APP between the two groups 12 h open abdominal wounds (P＜ 0.05). Significant CO₂ accumulation and severe hypoxemia occurred after abdominal closure. A significant difference was found in the PCO₂, PO₂ and SO₂ between the two groups (P＜ 0.05). The mortality of conventional abdominal closure group was 40%. However, no death occurred in novel device group. The operation time was significantly shorter in novel device group than in conventional abdominal closure group (P＜ 0.01). Conclusion The novel temporary abdominal closure device can reduce the mortality of patients by effectively preventing intra-abdominal hypertension and improving abdominal perfusion pressure, hemodynamic index and arterial blood gas due to its easy application in emergency situation, thus having a bright prospect of clinical application.