Advances in ischemic preconditioning, postconditioning and combined treatment in testicular schemia reperfusion injury of rats

Testicular torsion is one of the most common emergencies during puberty, which can induce ischemia reperfusion njury that not only affects the torsion side but also the non-torsion part with the worst results in infertility. Whether preconditioning, postconditioning and combined treatment have an effect on testicular ischemia reperfusion injury or not will be reviewed in this article.