Multiple primary malignancies associated with gynecologic neoplasms: A retrospective analysis of 144 cases

Objective To analyze the characteristics and prognosis of multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMN) associated with gynecologic neoplasms. Methods Clinical data about 144 patients who were diagnosed with MPMN associated with gynecologic neoplasma and admitted to Chinese PLA General Hospital or the Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from June 1, 2006 to June 1, 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Results Forty-four cases had synchronous tumors while 100 cases had metachronous tumors. Mean interval time from first to second primary malignancy of metachronous tumors was 41.5 months (7-211 months). There were 160 cases of gynecologic neoplasms and 136 cases of non- gynecologic neoplasms, and cervical cancer (57 cases), ovarian cancer (52 cases), endometrial carcinoma (42 cases) were the most common types of tumors in the former group, while breast cancer (40 cases), colorectal cancer (24 cases) and lung cancer (18 cases) were the most common types of tumors in the latter group. The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival rates of 144 cases were 79%, 75%, 66%, respectively. Conclusion Breast cancer, colorectal cancer and lung cancer are the most common types of tumors in MPMN involving gynecologic neoplasms. Early detection and treatment may prolong the patient's survival time.