IL-25 and IL-32 in children with adenoidal hypertrophy complicated with chronic rhinosinusitis

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin-25 (IL-25) and interleukin-32 (IL-32) in children with adenoidal hypertrophy and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and their relationship with the occurrence and development of CRS in children. Methods From January 2016 to June 2017 in Zhuozhou City Hospital, medical records of 70 CRS cases with adenoid hypertrophy(CRS group), 56 cases of allergic rhinitis with adenoid hypertrophy (allergic rhinitis group), 42 cases with adenoid hypertrophy(control group) were collected. The serum levels of IL-25 and IL-32 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expressions of IL-25 and IL-32 in adenoid tissue of children were observed with immunohistochemistry. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between IL-25 and IL-32 in CRS children. Results The positive rates of IL-25 and IL-32 in CRS group were significantly higher than those in control group and allergic rhinitis group (74.3% vs 7.1% and 12.5%; 70% vs 9.5% and 10.7%, all P< 0.01). The positive cell counts of IL-25 and IL-32 in adenoid tissues of CRS group were significantly higher than those of control group and allergic rhinitis group (28.75±2.46) a/LP vs (5.84±0.86) a/LP and (6.18±0.93) a/LP, (24.92±2.15) a/LP vs (5.62±0.75) a/LP and (5.74±0.91) a/LP, all P < 0.01. The serum levels of IL-25 and IL-32 in the CRS group were significantly higher than those in control group and allergic rhinitis group (35.27±7.14) pg/ml vs (17.45±5.16) pg/ml and (19.63±5.28) pg/ml, (30.18±7.25) pg/ml vs (16.62±5.18) pg/ml and (18.36±5.31) pg/ml, all P< 0.01. IL-25 was positively related to IL-32 in adenoid tissue (r=0.739, P< 0.01), and in serum (r=0.648, P< 0.01) in children with CRS. Conclusion IL-25 and IL-32 are highly expressed in CRS children with adenoidal hypertrophy, which may be involved in the development of CRS.