Research advances in molecular subtyping and clinical application of special pathological type endometrial carcinoma

Special pathological type endometrial carcinoma (STEC) is a kind of serious gynecological tumor. Compared with common endometrioid adenocarcinoma, STEC has a rapid progress, a high recurrence rate, and a large histological heterogeneity. The traditional pathological classification cannot meet the clinical needs. In recent years, molecular subtyping such as TCGA classification is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of STEC. This article reviews the research progress of molecular subtyping in five categories of STEC: serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, dedifferentiated/ undifferentiated carcinoma, and high-grade uncertain endometrial carcinoma, including the application of molecular subtyping in the diagnosis and differentiation of STEC, research and development of targeted drugs, efficacy prediction, and prognosis, with a view to providing reference for the rational clinical application of molecular subtyping.