CT imaging of mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis diagnosed by endobrochial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration

Objective To improve the understanding and diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis diagnosed by combined contrast-enhanced CT and endobrochial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration（EBUS-TBNA） by analyzing its clinical and imaging features. Methods The clinical and imaging features of 10 patients with mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis manifested as hilar or mediastinal lesions diagnosed by EBUS-TBNA were analyzed. Results Of the 10 patients,9 were diagnosed as mediastinal tuberculosis and 1 as sarcoidosis after anti-tuberculosis treatment.The age of these patients was 17-71 years（mean 39±16.82 years）.Their common symptoms were fever and cough with rare expectoration.The predilection sites of mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis were located at 4,7 and 2R.Contrast-enhanced CT showed inhomogeneous and ring enhancement. Conclusion Mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis is characterized by its clinical and imaging manifestations.Combined contrast-enhanced CT and EBUS-TBNA contributes to its diagnosis.