Ureteroscopy and ureteropyeloscopy

Indications and procedural techniques of ureteroscopy and ureteropyeloscopy were described in detail and our initial experience in 29 cases（success in 23 cases and failure in 6 cases）.It was considered that these procedures are not in technique and that it is not possible to do this procedure well in every case.Although they usually cause some discomfort,they have some advantages as compare with open surgery such as less trouble to the patient,shorter stay in the hospital,relatively easy reoperation in recurrent cases.Thus these procedures are of very important value in the diagnosis and treatment of ureteral and renal diseases.