Abstract: Atherosclerosis is an important pathological basis of many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Platelet activation and the increase of low-density lipoprotein concentration are the most important pathophysiological mechanisms. Lipid lowering drugs represented by statins have significant efficacy in treating atherosclerosis, but there are still defects and drawbacks. In this paper, we summarize the current research evidence based on the low density lipoprotein binding sites on platelets, platelets as the target of oxidized low density lipoprotein and the role of activated platelets and oxidized low density lipoprotein in atherosclerosis, clarify the clinical significance of these interactions in the development of atherosclerosis, and systematically analyze the advantages and disadvantages of interaction mechanisms as the target of atherosclerosis diagnosis and treatment, so as to provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.