Abstract: Decision-making is the key factor to determine the outcome of clinical treatment, and it is also the breakthrough point to integrate information technology into clinical practice. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the ability in analyzing multimodal medical information is increasing, so we put forward a theory, namely prognosis control surgery. The theory realizes the whole life cycle iterative optimal treatment and opens up a new direction for the quantitative development of surgical decision-making. And a more accurate mathematical description of the theory by the method of cybernetics will be helpful to expand the application range of the theory.