Abstract: Pulmonary ventilation function assessment is very important for the severity evaluation, disease progression monitoring, disease prognosis and efficacy evaluation of respiratory diseases, which is highly valued by clinicians. With the deepening of the understanding of the disease, we need to pay attention not only to the overall pulmonary function, but also to the level of pulmonary ventilation function in different regions of the lung. However, the current pulmonary function test (PFT) based on spirometry cannot provide regional lung function information. Pulmonary electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an emerging functional, non-radiation imaging technology, which can evaluate regional lung function by monitoring the ventilation changes in the lung in real time. Although this technique has shown the potential to predict pulmonary function test indicators, its validity and accuracy in the assessment of pulmonary function in a broader clinical setting need to be further validated.This article reviews the research and application of EIT in pulmonary ventilation function assessment, in order to provide more exploration directions for the application and research of EIT in clinical practice.