Background Hydrosalpinx is a common inflammatory disease that affects female pelvic health. There are various treatment methods for it, but few reports on its long-term outcomes are found.

Objective To investigate the long-term efficacy and the clinical application value of ultrasound-guided interventional sclerotherapy on hydrosalpinx.

Methods From January 1999 to December 2023, patients with hydrosalpinx treated in our department with ultrasound guided interventional sclerotherapy were included, and the follow-up time was 3-60 months.

Results Totally 151 patients were enrolled in this study with age ranged from 21 to 71 years (average 42.56 ± 7.89 years). There were 25 cases of bilateral hydrosalpinx and 126 cases of unilateral hydrosalpinx. The aspiration treatment was successfully completed in all patients, with successful rate of 100%. All the patients were followed up for 3 months, and the effective rate was 99.4% (175/176). A total of 75 cases (87 hydro fallopian tubes) were followed up for 60 months after surgery. There was 1 case of ineffective treatment and 2 cases of recurrence, the effective rate was 96.6%. The median follow-up time was 9 years, some patients had been followed up for 20 years without any recurrence.

Conclusion Ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy for hydrosalpinx is a simple, effective and minimally invasive method, with high treatment success rate.