驻琼某部队三甲医院中医门诊军人就诊疾病谱调查与分析

朱云; 许成勇; 周义虎; 刘帆; 樊金灼; 邓小刚; 周登峰

doi:10.12435/j.issn.2095-5227.24030501

驻琼某部队三甲医院中医门诊军人就诊疾病谱调查与分析

Disease spectrum analysis of soldiers in Traditional Chinese Medicine outpatient department of a military hospital in Hainan province

摘要

摘要:
背景海岛环境特殊，官兵的医疗和保健需求目前无系统研究。
目的了解驻琼海岛官兵中医疾病谱分布情况，为进一步有针对性地提供中医药干预提供客观依据。
方法回顾性收集2018年6月— 2019年6月就诊于驻琼某部队三甲医院中医门诊军人患者的临床诊疗资料，包括性别、年龄、就诊时间、西医诊断、中医诊断。西医疾病名称参照《ICD-10疾病诊断名称及代码目录》，中医疾病名称基于《中医病证分类与代码》(TCD)。
结果纳入5 039人次军人诊疗信息，平均年龄(35.6 ± 13.4)岁，以男性(88.35%)和45岁以下(81.13%)多见。西医疾病谱涵盖神经系统疾病、消化系统疾病等ICD-10中15个科别类目，排名前3位分别为失眠1 041人次(20.66%)、慢性胃炎484人次(9.61%)、腰痛280人次(5.56%)；其中男性最常见疾病为失眠974人次(21.88%)，女性为月经失调76人次(12.95%)；60岁以上者以冠心病(17.78%)多见，45 ~ 60岁和45岁以下者均以失眠(13.45%、22.53%)多见。中医病名覆盖内科、外科、耳鼻喉科、妇科、骨伤科等TCD的5个科别类目，以内科77.65%为主，其中排名前3位的中医疾病依次为不寐1 041人次(20.66%)、胃痞545人次(10.82%)、腰痛297人次(5.89%)。
结论驻琼某部队三甲医院中医门诊的中医诊疗疾病谱较广，但病种集中，以神经系统疾病(不寐)、消化系统疾病(胃痞)多见，需要进一步针对性提升海岛官兵中医卫勤保障能力，以更好满足海岛官兵多样化的中医保健需求。

Abstract:
Background The island environment is unique, and the medical and health care needs of military personnel have not yet been systematically studied.
Objective To understand the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) disease spectrum among military personnel garrisoned on islands in Hainan province, and provide scientific evidences for the further development of TCM treatment suitable for the environment of reefs or islands.
Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on military personnel attending in TCM outpatient department of a military hospital in Hainan province from June 2018 to June 2019. The clinical data, including gender, age, attending date, Western medicine diagnosis and TCM diagnosis were collected. Western medicine diagnosis referred to ICD-10 and related catalog, and TCM diagnosis was based on classification and codes of diseases and patterns of TCM (TCD).
Results A total of 5 039 military personnel's medical treatment data were included, with an average age of (35.6 ± 13.4) years, predominantly male (88.35%) and under the age of 45 (81.13%) years. Western medicine diagnosis covered 15 categories in ICD-10 including neurological diseases and digestive diseases, with insomnia (20.66%), chronic gastritis (9.61%), and low back pain (5.56%) as the top 3 diseases. Insomnia (21.88%) was the most common disease in male patients, menstrual disorders (12.95%) in female patients, coronary heart disease (17.78%) in patients over 60 years, and insomnia in patients aged 45-60 years (14.35%) or under 45 years (22.53%). TCM diagnosis covered 5 categories, including internal medicine, surgery, otolaryngology, gynecology, and orthopedics, in ICD-10, with sleeplessness (20.66%), gastric stuffiness (10.82%), low back pain (5.89%) as the top 3 diseases. The internal medicine diseases (77.65%) were the most prevalent.
Conclusion The disease spectrum of TCM diagnosis of military personnel garrisoned on an island in Hainan province has a wide range but concentrate on neurological diseases (sleeplessness) and digestive diseases (gastric stuffiness). It is necessary to further improve the TCM medical support ability, in order to meet the diversified TCM health needs of military personnel garrisoned on islands.

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