Abstract: Background　In recent years, frequent natural disasters worldwide have posed severe challenges to disaster medical rescue systems. Among these, scalable wards serve as the core component for post-disaster medical treatment, and the efficiency of their resource allocation directly determines the effectiveness of emergency rescue operations. Objective　 To establish a configuration model for healthcare human resources and equipment in scalable wards for disaster relief, and provide scientific basis for disaster medical rescue. Methods Based on AnyLogic multi-agent modeling, casualty agent attribute sets were constructed, scalable ward medical treatment structures were designed, and interaction rules between medical staff and equipment agents were established. The effectiveness of the model was verified by simulating medical treatment processes under different casualty scenarios and analyzing healthcare staff ratio and medical equipment requirements.Results　The injured agent attribute set included five dimensions: injury category, injury degree, treatment priority, admission and discharge status, and disposal time. Based on the typical load classification of disaster rescue scenarios and referring to the data of the transport efficiency of the cabin hospital (60-680 person times/day), the medical resource utilization rate was the best and the average waiting time was the shortest when the ratio of doctors and patients in mild injury ward was 1∶8∶50, that in moderate injury ward was 1∶4∶20, and that in severe injury ward was 1∶1∶2. The completion rate of treatment was more than 95% when the average number of daily visits was 200. The equipment configuration was centered on basic equipment such as thermal insulation blanket and hemostatic bandage. The severe injury ward needed to be equipped with ventilator, defibrillator and other equipment. Conclusion The AnyLogic-based scalable ward resource configuration model can effectively guide dynamic allocation of healthcare human resources and equipment in disaster medical rescue, thereby improving treatment efficiency.