Abstract: TFEB is a transcription factor containing basic helix-loop-helix and leucine zipper domains, which specifically regulates the expression of lysosomal and autophagy-related genes. It plays a crucial role in various cellular physiological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism, and is involved in the regulation of reproductive processes in organisms. This review summarizes the regulatory roles of TFEB in spermatogenesis, oogenesis, as well as embryonic and placental development, and explores its potential implications in reproductive or fertility-related diseases, which may provide reference for understanding the regulatory functions of TFEB in reproductive physiology.