脑卒中患者早期康复护理:一项概念分析研究

Early rehabilitation nursing for stroke patients: A conceptual analysis study

  • 摘要: 背景 脑卒中早期康复护理是改善患者预后、降低残疾风险的关键环节,但目前临床对其概念内涵、核心属性与操作定义等缺乏统一界定,导致实践规范不一致、实施质量参差不齐。目的 本研究基于Walker & Avant 概念分析框架,旨在明确脑卒中患者早期康复护理的定义属性、前置因素与结局,构建概念的标准化操作定义,为临床规范实施早期康复护理提供理论依据。方法 系统检索中、英文数据库建库至2025 年6 月相关文献,经2 名研究者独立筛选,最终纳入37 篇文献,严格遵循Walker & Avant 概念分析8 步骤开展研究。结果 研究提炼出脑卒中患者早期康复护理的核心属性与延伸属性:核心属性包括专业性、综合性、跨学科协作性、以患者及家庭为中心且以需求为导向、健康教育导向性;延伸属性包括循证实践属性、伦理合规属性、文化适配属性、全程连续属性、照护支持属性。明确了个体、团队、系统3 维度的前置因素,以及患者、护士、医疗保健系统3 层面的核心结局。构建了标准化的操作定义:脑卒中患者早期康复护理是指发病72 h ~ 2 周,由专业护士主导、多学科协作开展,以患者和家庭为中心、以需求为导向、以健康教育为基础,覆盖生理—心理—社会全面需求的专业化、综合性早期康复照护服务。结论 本研究明确了脑卒中早期康复护理的属性、前置因素与结局,构建了标准化操作性定义,为统一概念认知、规范临床实践、开展专科培训提供了理论支撑。规范实施早期康复护理可显著改善患者预后,同时为护士专业发展与医疗保健系统高效运行提供多重价值。

     

    Abstract: Background Early rehabilitation nursing for stroke is a critical component in improving patient outcomes and reducing the risk of disability. However, there is a lack of consensus in clinical practice regarding its conceptual connotation, core attributes, and operational definition, leading to inconsistent implementation standards and variable quality of care. Objective To clarify the defining attributes, antecedents, and outcomes of early rehabilitation nursing for stroke patients based on the Walker & Avant concept analysis framework, construct a standardized operational definition, and provide reference for the standardized implementation of early rehabilitation nursing in clinical practice. Methods A systematic search of Chinese and English databases was conducted for literature published up to June 2025. After independent screening by two researchers, 37 articles were ultimately included. The study strictly followed the eight steps of Walker & Avant concept analysis. Results The core and extended attributes of early rehabilitation nursing for stroke patients were identified: core attributes: professionalism, comprehensiveness, interdisciplinary collaboration, patient- and family-centeredness with a demand-driven approach, and health education orientation. Extended attributes: evidence-based practice, ethical compliance, cultural adaptability, continuity of care, and supportive care. Antecedents at the individual, team, and system levels were clarified, as were core outcomes at the patient, nurse, and healthcare system levels. A standardized operational definition was constructed: early rehabilitation nursing for stroke patients refers to a specialized, comprehensive early rehabilitation care service provided within 72 hours to 2 weeks after onset, led by professional nurses and involving multidisciplinary collaboration. It was patient- and family-centered, demand-driven, and health educationbased, addressing the holistic physiological, psychological, and social needs of patients. Conclusion This study clarifies the attributes, antecedents, and outcomes of early rehabilitation nursing for stroke, establishes a standardized operational definition, and provides theoretical support for unifying conceptual understanding, standardizing clinical practice, and conducting specialized training. Standardized implementation of early rehabilitation nursing can significantly improve patient prognosis while offering multiple benefits for nurses' professional development and the efficient operation of the healthcare system.

     

/

返回文章
返回