Abstract: Objective:To estimate the effect of managing the quality for and costs of disease entities in the Orthopedics Department of PLA General hospital. Methods:Samples of cases were selected according to the ICD-9 classification of disease entities in six-digit category codes and a comprehensive evaluation of the medical quality for single disease entities was made by means of relevant software. Results:A calculation was made both of the average hospitalization day and costs for various types of cases and the average hospitalization day, drugs expenses and medical costs for disease entities ranking in the first 10 places with regard to the number of hospitalization. Conclusion:Quality and costs management of classified disease entities and cases fits in with the current demand for quality control in hospitals and the medical treatment quality for single disease entities in the Orthopedics Department is up to a high level.