韦格纳肉芽肿垂体受累引发尿崩症1例临床分析并文献复习

Wegener’s granuloma-involved pituitary-induced diabetes insipidus: A case report and literature review

  • 摘要: 目的 加强对韦格纳肉芽肿病以及韦格纳肉芽肿垂体受累的认识。 方法 报告2009年我院住院的因韦格纳肉芽肿垂体受累而引发尿崩症1例,结合国内外相关文献,对韦格纳肉芽肿及垂体受累的临床表现、诊断进行讨论。 结果 患者女性,59岁,最初表现为多饮、多尿,经用醋酸去氨加压素治疗后减轻,但此后出现发热、头痛、鼻塞、流涕、耳痛、听力减退、眼痛、视物模糊等症状。经糖皮质激素及环磷酰胺治疗后明显好转。血清抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)阳性;CT检查发现双侧上颌窦内充满实性组织及左肺上叶实性小结节影;MRI检查发现垂体肿大,垂体柄增粗,伴明显强化;病理:鼻窦黏膜急性及慢性炎,部分有肉芽肿形成。文献报告韦格纳肉芽肿垂体受累病例共20余例,大多数表现为中枢性尿崩症和垂体前叶功能减退症状。 结论 韦格纳肉芽肿是一种抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)相关的多系统坏死性肉芽肿性血管炎病,最常累及上、下呼吸道以及肾脏,少数可累及垂体而引发中枢性尿崩症及垂体功能减退。

     

    Abstract: Objective To improve the understanding of Wegener’s granuloma(WG) and WG-involvd pituitary. Methods A case of diabetes insipidus induced by WG-involved pituitary admitted to our hospital in 2009 was reported.Its clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment were discussed in view of its relevant foreign and domestic literature. Results The patient was a 59 years old female.Her initial clinical manifestions were polydipsia and polyuria which were relieved after treatment with desmopressin,followed by fever,headache,rhinocleisis,nasal discharge,earache,hearing impairment,ophthalmalgia and blurred vision which were significantly impoved after treatment with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide.Laboratory test showed positive serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(ANCA),CT scan displayed solid tissues in maxillary sinus and a small nodule in the superior lobe of left lung,MRI revealed pituitary gland enlargement and infundibulum thickening with significant enhancement,and histopathology demonstrated inflammation and granuloma in paranasal sinuses.More than 20 cases of WG-involved pituitary were reported in the literature,most of them manifested as central diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism. Conclusion WG is an ANCA-related multi-system necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis usually involving the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidneys and occasionally involving pituitary,which induces central diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism.

     

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