Abstract: Objective To compare the efficiency of rat asthma model established with aluminum hydroxide powder and gel. Methods Thirty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into group A(normal control group), group B(aluminum hydroxide gel modeling group) and group C(aluminum hydroxide powder modeling group). After the model was established, its efficiency was assessed by observing behaviors of rats, detecting cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), measuring cytokine levels in lung tissue homogenates and observing pulmonary pathological changes. Results Symptoms of asthma occurred in groups B and C, but they were severer in group B than in group C. The total number of cells and the percentage of eosinophils(EOS) in BALF were significantly higher in groups B and C than in group A(P< 0.05) and in group B than in group C(P< 0.05). The IFN-γ levels in lung tissue homogenates were significantly lower in groups B and C than in group A(P< 0.01). The pathological changes induced by inflammatory reaction occurred in groups B and C and were more significant in group B than in group C. Conclusion The efficiency of aluminum hydroxide gel is better than that of aluminum hydroxide powder in increasing ovalbumin-induced allergic response in animal asthma model.