Abstract: Objective To study the application of combined colonscopy and laparoscopy operation in treatment of benign and malignant colonic or rectal tumor. Methods One hundred and seventy-four patients with benign and malignant colonic or rectal tumor admitted to our department were included in this study. Of these patients, 78 underwent laparotomy and 96 underwent combined colonscopy and laparoscopy operation. Their operation time, intra-operative blood loss, postoperative analgesicsused times, postoperative flatus passing time, postoperative complications and recurrence of the disease were observed. Results The average intra-operative blood loss was 50 ml and 150 ml respectively, the postoperative analgesics-used times was 0.3 and 3 respectively, the average postoperative flatus passing time was< 36 h and> 36 h respectively, in combined colonscopy and laparoscopy group and laparotomy group. Conclusion The effect of combined colonscopy and laparoscopy operation is better than laparotomy on benign and malignant colonic or rectal tumor.