Abstract: Objective To study the diagnosis and surgical treatment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. Methods Clinical data about 28 CSF rhinorrhea patients (18 males and 10 females) aged 18-59 years with a disease course of 7 days-2 years, admitted to Weifang and Liaocheng People's Hospitals from 2005 to 2010, were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 28 patients, 20 were diagnosed with traumatic CSF leakage, 6 were diagnosed with spontaneous CSF leakage, and 2 were diagnosed with iatrogenic leakage.Their diagnoses were established by CT/MRI and nasal endoscopy in combination with biochemical testing.CSF rhinorrhea was repaired with nasal septum mucosa in 18 patients, with temporal fascia in 8 patients and with pedicle periosteal flap in 2 patients. Results Of the 28 patients with their CSF rhinorrhea successfully repaired under nasal endoscope, 26 were cured after the first repair and 2 underwent a second repair.The auditory was signif icantly reduced after repair in 2 patients, which was improved in 1 patient and did not improve in the other after treatment.No complications such as nasal obstruction and dry nasal cavity were observed.The patients were followed up for 6-36 months during which no relapse occurred. Conclusion The accurate diagnosis and correct selection of repair procedure and materials are the keys to the successful repair of CSF rhinorrhea.