Abstract: Objective To provide the criteria for enrollment of combat flying cadets by following up their distant vision and refraction. Methods One hundred and thirty-seven flying cadets (172 eyes) from Aerospace and Aviation University of Air Force with their distant vision≤0.8 (subnormal distant vision＜ 1.0) when they were enrolled in 2008 served as an observation group and 134 flying cadets (268 eyes) with their distant vision≥1.0 (normal distant vision) served as a control group. Their refraction and distant vision, examined at enrollment, in 2009 and 2010, were analyzed. Results The median distant vision (MDV) was 1.04 and 0.94 in observation group and 1.24 and 1.20 in control group in 2009 and 2010. The distant vision rate was 97.67% and 97.65% in observation group and 97.76% and 93.56% in control group in 2009 and 2010(P＞ 0.05). The distant vision became normal in 83.14%and 45.14% flying cadets of observation group and in 29.47% and 8.78% flying cadets of control group in 2009 and 2010(P＜ 0.05).The myopia and mixed astigmatism decreased significantly and the hyperopia maintained stable in the two groups in 2009 and 2010.The state hyper-refraction was 39.53% and 28.65% in observation group and 35.82% and 31.72% in control group in 2009 and 2010(P＞ 0.05). Conclusion The distant vision of flying cadets is higher 2 years after enrollment, especially 1 year after enrollment.The refraction is stable 2 years after enrollment. The high refraction rate is related to the error of auto-refractor.