Abstract: Objective To analyze the pathogens in department of hyperbaric oxygen chamber therapy and their drug resistance in 2007-2012. Methods The pathogens isolated from patients in department of hyperbaric oxygen chamber therapy were cultured and identified. Their drug susceptibility was tested using an automatic microbiology analyzer. Results The patients were mainly infected with Gram-negative bacteria, followed by Gram-positive bacteria and fungi in 2007-2012, accounting for 78.58%, 17.91% and 3.51%, respectively. The leading pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 43.00% of the total Gram-negative bacteria. Its isolated rate decreased year by year and its sensitivity was higher to polymyxin B and cefperazone-sulbactam with a stable resistance to common antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus was frequently isolated from Grampositive bacteria, accounting for 62.79% of the total Gram-positive bacteria. Its sensitivity was higher to linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin with no resistance. Conclusion Respiratory system infection is dominant in patients receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy and Gram-negative bacteria are the leading pathogens with a stable isolated rate and drug resistance in 2007-2012.