Abstract: Objective To explore target organ damage, blood pressure form and risk factors in aged men with essential anti-dipper hypertensive. Methods Six hundred and ffty-one patients admitted to our hospital from 2009 to 2012 were divided into non-dipper hypertensive group (n=206) and anti-dipper hypertensive group (n=455). Body mass index (BMI) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were calculated by undergoing physical-biochemical items and heart ultrasonography, respectively. Results Compared with non-dipper hypertensive group, the age of anti-dipper hypertensive group was older, the BMI was lower, and the incidence of diabetes mellitus, cerebral infarction, renal insuffciency was signifcantly higher. The FPG, LDL-C, Cr were higher in anti-dipper hypertensive group while hemoglobin was lower. Morning SBP, 24 h DBP, dDBP were lower whereas morning DBP, 24 h SBP, nSBP and nDBP were higher in anti-dipper hypertensive group than in non-dipper hypertensive group. The numerical value of left ventricular posterior wall and left ventricular systolic diameter went higher with lower ejection fraction in anti-dipper hypertensive group (P< 0.05). Thus, higher FPG, cerebral infarction and renal insuffciency were the independent risk factors for anti-dipper hypertensive (P< 0.05). Conclusion Anti-dipper hypertensive is a complex syndrome in aged men. Higher FPG, cerebral infarction and renal insuffciency are its main risk factors.