Abstract: Objective To study the effect of ABCE1 gene on proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis of human esophageal cancer cells Eca109 and its mechanism. Methods The ABCE1-SiRNA green fluorescence vector was constructed and transfected into Eca109. The transfection efficiency was observed under a fluorescence microscope. The gene silencing effect was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. The changed RNaseL was detected by Western blot. The cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT and its growth curve was plotted. The cell invasion was detected by transwell, and the cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry. Results Green fluorescence was observed in the ABCE1-SiRNA-transfected Eca109. The gene silencing effect was confirmed by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively（P＜0.05）. MTT showed that the proliferation of ABCE1-SiRNA-transfected Eca109 was significantly lower than that of negative and blank control cells（P＜0.05）. Transwell revealed that the number of membrane- penetrating Eca109 was significantly less in ABCE1-SiRNA-transfected vector than in negative and blank control cells（P＜0.05）. The migration of ABCE1-SiRNA-1 and 2-transfected Eca109 was obviously slower than that of negative and blank control cells and ABCE1-SiRNA-N- transfected Eca109（P＜0.05）. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of ABCE1- siRNAtransfected Eca109 was significantly higher than that of negative and blank control cells（P＜0.05）. Conclusion The proliferation and invasion of ABCE1-SiRNA-transfected Eca109 are inhibited with early apoptosis occurred, suggesting that ABCE1 expression can affect the biological behavior of Eca109.