周围神经细胞外基质在神经再生中的研究进展

Advances in ECM-induced peripheral nerve regeneration

摘要: 细胞外基质 (extracellular matrix, ECM) 是指自然发生沉积在细胞周围的大分子物质, 其为细胞提供结构支撑和黏附位点, 并在细胞黏附、迁移、增殖、分化和基因表达中起重要的信号传递作用。周围神经细胞外基质成分主要包括胶原 (Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ)、层粘连蛋白、纤连蛋白、硫酸软骨素及其他神经因子, 其组成和特点表现出了细胞外基质成分作为神经修复材料的优越性。本文对周围神经来源的细胞外基质在构建组织工程神经方面的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract: Extracellular matrix（ECM） refers to the naturally occurring macromolecular substrate around cells that provides a support structure and an attachment site for cells, and plays an important role in transferring the signals of cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation and gene expression. The major compositions of ECM include collagens（Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ）, laminin, fibronectin, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and other nerve factors, and ECM is characterized by its advantages as a nerve repair material. Following is a review of the advances in tissue engineering nerve construction with peripheral nerve-derived ECM.