Abstract: With the rapid development of aerospace, travelling or even living in space is no longer a fantasy. Thus, the researches about the influences induced by weightlessness on human body have become more and more important. Weightless environment during long term space flight can make great influences on organs and systems of human, especially on cardiovascular system and skeletal system. This review will illustrate the influences on proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and formation, cell cycle, and function of osteoblast induced by weightlessness based on the national and international researches in related fields in recent years.