Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and potential prognostic factors of patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM). Methods Clinical data about 26 MPM patients who admitted to Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2005 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The mean age of 26 patients was 57 years old. Of the 26 cases, 3 male patients had a history of asbestos exposure. The main clinical symptoms of the patients were abdominal distension, abdominal pain, ascites and peritoneal cavity mass. Peritoneum or omentum thickening and space- occupying mass were the main signs on CT scans. There were 20 epithelioid patterns and 6 sarcomatoid/mixed patterns in MPM. There were 12 patients in StageⅠ-Ⅱand 14 patients in StageⅢ-Ⅳ. Surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) were performed in 8 patients, surgery plus chemotherapy in 14 patients, and single surgery in 4 patients. The median survival time was 20 months, with a 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month survival rate of 96.15%, 80.27%, 52.90% and 26.46%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors were age (P< 0.001), histologic subtype (P< 0.001), TMN staging (P=0.016) and treatment strategy (P=0.019), while gender and general classification were uncorrelated with prognosis by univariate analysis, only histologic subtype (P=0.002) and TMN staging (P=0.021) showed statistical significance by multivariate analysis. Conclusion Patients with epithelioid patterns and TMN staging in stageⅠ-Ⅱhave positive prognosis, so early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment can improve the survival rate in PMP patients.