Abstract: High-frequency ultrasonography is noninvasive, nonradiative, po rtable and cost-effective. It provides real-time static and dynamic imaging of peripheral nerves and their adjacent tissues . High-frequency ultrasonography shows highly improved spatial and contrast resolution, thus it can give valuable information abou t the origin, exact location and degree of peripheral nerve les ions and reveal the internal structure change of them. Currently, high-f requency ultrasonography has been an indispensable tool for ass essing peripheral neuropathy. The advances in the diagnostic applicati on of high-frequency ultrasonography in peripheral nerve injuri es are reviewed in this paper.