Abstract: Objective To explore the value of meticulous capsular dissection technique in re-operation of thyroid under benign condition. Methods From March 2009 to December 2014, 88 patients with recurrence after surgery for benign thyroid disorders were treated in our hospital. All cases were divided into two groups: group A (n=42) and group B (n=46). All patients had undergone total thyroidectomy, while patients in group A were treated with traditional surgery and patients in B group were refined by thyroid surgery membrane dissection. The incidence rate of drinking cough, temporary RLNP, permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, temporary hypoparathyroidism and permanent hypoparathyroidism were compared in two groups. Results In group A, 1 case was laryngeal nerve injury, 4 cases were temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, 1 case was permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and 9 cases were temporary hypoparathyroidism. In group B, 1 case was laryngeal nerve injury, 2 cases were temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, 1 case was permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, 2 cases were temporary hypoparathyroidism.Permanent hypoparathyroidism were not found in both groups. Fifteen cases with complications were found in group A (35.7%) and 6 cases with complications were in group B (13%) (P< 0.05). Conclusion The meticulous capsular dissection technique indicate lower incidence of postoperative complications than reoperation for benign thyroid disease, which is worthy of clinical popularization and application.