Abstract: High altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE)is a serious idiopathic mountain sickness which occurs quickly when exposed to altitude exceeding 3 000 m above sea level, and it is considered to be a life-threatening disease.Existing research results indicate that HAPE shows obvious individual susceptible tendency.This article makes a review on susceptibility genes polymorphisms of high altitude pulmonary edema from many respects, including the mitochondrial genes, endothelial growth factor gene, renin- angiotensin -aldosterone system gene and so on, so as to provide helpful references to its pathogenesis and prevention.