Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with traumatic spine fracture. Methods Clinical data about 251 patients with traumatic spine fracture who were admitted to our department from March 2010 to March 2015 were analyzed. Patients were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group according to the diagnostic results, and the risk factors of postoperative DVT were analyzed by logistic regression. Results Of the 251 patients, 136 (54.2% cases were male and 115 (45.8%) cases were female with an average age of (50.6±1.2) years (ranging from 18 to 94 years), and 13 (5.2%) cases had spinal cord injury. The incidence of postoperative DVT was 4.4%. Logistic regression analysis showed that history of hypertension (OR=8.576, 95% CI: 1.587-46.359, P＜ 0.05) and preoperative D-Dimer level (OR=1.325, 95% CI: 1.132-1.551 P＜ 0.05) were two independent risk factors of postoperative DVT. Conclusion Patients with spine fracture have high incidence of postoperative DVT. History of hypertension and preoperative D-Dimer are two independent risk factors of postoperative DVT in patients with traumatic spine fracture.