Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution of etiologic factors and the location of neuro-ophthalmic disorders of patients in Chinese PLAgeneral Hospital. Methods Clinical data about hospitalized patients with neuro-ophthalmic diseases in department of neuro-ophthalmology of Chinese PLAgeneral Hosptial from January 2010 to December 2014 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 2 673 patients with average age of (37.91±18.12) years (1 365 males and 1 308 females with the ratio of 1.04:1) were enrolled in this study, of which, 1 881 (70.37%) patients aged over 20 years and below 60 years (including 60).Distribution of lesion location: afferent visual system in 2 376 (88.88%) patients, efferent visual system in 190 (7.11%) patients, and orbital and intracranial vascular and connective tissue diseases in 107 (4.00%) patients.Distribution of etiology: the inflammatory demyelinate optic neuritis was found in 845 (31.6%) cases, traumatic neuropathy in 282 cases (10.55%), ischemic optic neuropathy in 236 cases (8.23%), optic atrophy secondary to intracranial tumor in 207 cases (7.74%), and 219 (8.19%) cases remained uncertain. Conclusion Majority of patients with optic neuropathy are young and middle-aged adults with age less than 60-yearold.The main pathogenesis is dysfuction in afferent visual system, and optic nerve is the most frequent lesion location.Inflammatory demyelinate optic neuritis, ischemic optic neuropathy, traumatic neuropathy and hereditary optic neuropathy are the main causes.