Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between Annexin 1(ANXA1) and proliferation of islet β-cells. Methods Stimulated by glucose with different concentrations(5.5 mmol/L, 11.1 mmol/L, 16.7 mmol/L, 25 mmol/L, 33.3 mmol/L), the degree of cell proliferation of the mouse pancreatic islet beta cell line(MIN6) was assessed by CKK8 and the expression of ANXA1 protein was detected by Western blot.After inhibition of ANXA1 expression by small interfering RNA(ANXA1-siRNA) in MIN6 beta cell line, flow cytometry(FCM) method was used to analyze cell cycles and the expressions of cell cycle-related proteins were detected by Western blot. Results Glucose induced MIN6 cells proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner peaking at 25 mmol/L, while higher concentration(33.3 mmol/L) produced a minor decrease of proliferation comparing with 25 mmol/L.ANXA1 protein expression demonstrated a similar response to glucose.The cells proliferation decreased after transfection of ANXA1 siRNA by MIN6, and the percentage of cells in the S and G2/M phases also decreased significantly.Moreover, ANXA1 protein expression in MIN6 cells was positively related with CyclinD1, CyclinE and CDK2 proteins. Conclusion ANXA1 protein may affect proliferation of MIN6 cells by regulating CyclinD1, CyclinE and CDK2 protein.