Abstract: The germ cells and hormones secreted by the ovary play important roles in the whole life of women:birth, growth, menarche, child-bearing and menopause.Series changes have occurred in the ovaries along with the female from birth to senescence.All these changes have great effects on the female fecundity, sexuality and psychology.There are two functions of ovary:ovulation and hormone secretion.Neo-oogenesis does not occur after birth and the oocyte number declines subsequently as aging.Ovum is rare and dear to all the females, so it is of great importance to protect ovaries.In order to protect ovarian reserve ultimately, mechanical and thermal damage should be avoided during operation.Oviduct should be preserved as much as possible in surgery for woman who has further fertility requirement.