Abstract: The incidence of esophageal cancer shows an increasing trend in recent years, ranking the fourth out of leading causes of cancer-related death in China.Surgery remains the main treatment option for patients with limited lesions, while failure of RO resection and distant metastasis or spread are the predictors of poor prognosis.Over the past decade, due to a low satisfactory removal rate and poor prognosis in treatment of esophageal cancer, an extensive focus has been paid on neoadjuvant therapy, including preoperative chemotherapy, preoperative radiotherapy and preoperative targeted therapy.This paper aims at discussing the current modality and progress of esophageal cancer with neoadjuvant therapy.