Abstract: Objective To study the value of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound in quantitative assessment on diminished ovarian reserve and premature ovarian failure. Methods Female patients with ovary dysfunction who underwent ultrasound examination in outpatient department of Chinese PLA General Hospital from October 2014 to October 2016 were enrolled. They were divided into normal ovarian reserve group(50 cases), decreased ovarian reserve group (50 cases) and premature ovarian failure group (50 cases)according to hormone level. All the patients accepted transvaginal three-dimensional power doppler ultrasound examination.VOCAL and SonoAVC were applied to compare antral follicle number (AFC) and ovarian volume(OV), vascularization ndex (VI), blood flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI). ROC analysis was adopted to evaluate the diagnostic value of hese parameters. Results There were significant differences between three groups in AFC, OV, VI, FI, VFI (normal group> DOR group> POF group, P< 0.05). In the comparison between normal group and DOR group, areas under curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity for AFC were 0.985, 0.90 and 0.88, respectively. For OV, they were 0.933, 1.00 and 0.52, respectively. For VI, they were 0.920, 1.00, and 0.48, respectively. For FI, they were 0.913, 1.00 and 0.56, respectively. For VFI, they were 0.941, 1.00 and 0.48, espectively. In the comparison between DOR group and POF group, AUC, sensitivity, specificity for AFC were 0.958, 0.98 and 0.82, respectively. For OV, they were 0.959, 0.88 and 0.88, respectively. For VI, they were 0.886, 1.00 and 0.48, respectively. For FI, they were 0.884, 1.00 and 0.52, respectively. For VFI, they were 0.919, 1.00 and 0.50, respectively. Conclusion AFC is the best predictor for ovarian reserve function among all the parameters of quantitative three-dimensional ultrasound examination, followed by OV, and finally ovarian blood indexes (VI, FI and VFI).