Abstract: Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of magnifying endoscopy (ME) combined with narrow-band imaging (NBI) for early gastric cancer (EGC) of various differentiation degree. Methods Microsurface (MS) pattern and microvascular (MV) pattern of 67 EGC patients admitted to Cangzhou People's Hospital from August 2014 to May 2016 were observed by ME combined with NBI. MS patterns were classified into 4 categories (oval/tubular, papillary, destructive and absent) and MV into 3 categories (loop, fine network and corkscrew). According to WHO criteria, EGC patients were categorized into differentiated-type (DT) and undifferentiated-type (UDT), and the diagnostic value of endoscopic classification on predicting DT and UDT EGC was analyzed. Results MS pattern of oval/tubular and MV pattern of loop and fine network mainly showed in EGC patients with DT (P< 0.05), whereas absense of MS pattern and corkscrew pattern were more common in UDT EGC patients (P< 0.05). For the diagnosis of DT EGC, oval/tubular MS pattern had high sensitivity (71.2%), and loop and fine network in MV pattern had high specificity (both 93.3%). The three types mentioned above showed relatively high positive predictive value (88.1%, 95.7% and 96.6%). Besides, a corkscrew pattern for the diagnosis of UDT tumors had high accuracy (94.0%), sensitivity (86.7%), specificity (96.2%), positive predictive value (86.7%) and negative predictive value (96.2%). Conclusion A combinaton of ME and NBI shows advantages in predicting histological type of EGC, especially for the MV pattern of corkscrew, which has high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.