Abstract: Choline, which is widely found in animals and plants, is a kind of necessary nutrient for human daily life. In perinatal period, it can promote babies' brain development, improve their memory, and alleviate the cerebral function disorder caused by various factors. Recent studies demonstrates choline is effective in treatment on brain trauma, neuroinfammation and emotional function. This article briefy reviews the advances of choline's genetic effect, and its application in therapies to neuropsychiatric diseases and cerebrovascular diseases.