M型磷脂酶A2受体及其抗体在特发性膜性肾病中作用的研究进展

Effects of M type phospholipase A2 receptors and its antibody on idiopathic membranous nephropathy

摘要: 膜性肾病是成人肾病综合征的常见病因之一，其中特发性膜性肾病(idiopathic membranous nephropathy，IMN)发病机制尚未完全清楚，且缺乏敏感而特异的检测指标，对其治疗和预后还存在争议。M型磷脂酶A2受体(M-type phospholipase A2 receptor，PLA2R)被看作是IMN的血清学诊断的生物标记物，PLA2R与抗PLA2R抗体(anti-PLA2R)在IMN患者体内共表达，且抗体具有较高的特异性和灵敏性。检测肾组织中PLA2R和血清中anti-PLA2R对IMN诊断、治疗、预后有重要意义，本文通过对PLA2R及其抗体在IMN中作用的最新研究进展进行论述，以总结其在IMN中的临床意义。

Abstract: Membranous nephropathy is the main cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, and the pathogenesis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is incompletely understood.IMN lacks sensitive and speci fic detection index, and its treatment and prognosis still remain controversial.M type phospholipase A2 receptors (PLA2R) is considered as a serological biomarker of IMN.Both PLA2R and its antibody (anti - PLA2R) are expressed in IMN patients, which have high speci ficity and sensitivity.Detection of PLA2R in kidney tissues and anti - PLA2R in serum have important signi ficance to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of IMN.This article reviews the latest research progress of PLA2R and its antibody in IMN, and summarizes its clinical value in IMN.