Abstract: Objective To observe the platelet changes in patients after splenectomy with different reasons and discuss its clinical significance. Methods Clinical data about 74 cases who underwent splenectomy in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2016 were analyzed. Of the 74 cases, 42 cases had pancreatic carcinoma, 18 cases had splenic rupture and 14 cases had hyperspenism.Then the changes in platelet of these patients in three groups were analyzed and compared. Results The quantity of platelet of patients in three groups all increased after surgery. It peaked at 2 weeks after operation with the value of (602.23±180.86)×10⁹/L in pancreatic carcinoma group and (637.44±188.34)×10⁹/L in splenic rupture group, versus at 1 month after operation with the value of (581.78±227.52)×10⁹/L in hyperspenism group. Then it returned to normal level at 2 months after operation in all the groups. Conclusion After splenectomy, the quantity of platelet peaks at 2 weeks in pancreatic cancer group and splenic rupture group, while in hyperspenism group, this interval is 1 month. However, it returns to normal level at 2 months in all groups.